Introduction to Software Development

Computer Science · 11th Class (Intermediate Part 1) · BISE Lahore

70 questions

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Introduction to Software Development Test

10 questions · Introduction to Software Development × 10

Sample questions

Showing 20 of 70 questions from this chapter. The full bank is in the chapter test below.

1
Which of the following best describes software development?
- A.A systematic process that transforms user needs into software products (correct answer)
- B.The process of repairing faulty computer hardware
- C.The study of how data is represented in binary form
- D.The administration of an organisation's network servers
Why: Software development turns user needs into working software through stages such as analysis, design, coding, testing and deployment. Hardware repair, data representation and server administration belong to other areas of computing.
2
Why is a good understanding of the software development process important for a team?
- A.It removes the need to test the software before release
- B.It guarantees the project will never exceed its budget
- C.It helps the team produce reliable, maintainable and scalable software (correct answer)
- D.It allows the team to skip the design stage
Why: Following a defined process makes it far more likely that the final product is reliable, easy to maintain and able to grow with demand. It cannot remove the need for testing or guarantee a fixed budget.
3
Software that can keep serving a growing number of users without being rebuilt from scratch is said to be:
- A.Portable
- B.Scalable (correct answer)
- C.Reusable
- D.Proprietary
Why: Scalability is the ability of a system to handle growth in users, data or traffic. Portability means running on different platforms, which is a different quality.
4
What is the primary purpose of the Software Development Life Cycle?
- A.To deliver high-quality software that meets customer expectations within time and cost estimates (correct answer)
- B.To design the visual appearance of a company's website
- C.To manage an organisation's database systems
- D.To manufacture and test computer hardware
Why: The life cycle exists to produce software of the required quality, on schedule, within budget and working efficiently. It is a development framework, not a web design, database or hardware activity.
5
Which stage of the Software Development Life Cycle comes immediately after coding/development?
- A.Design
- B.Testing (correct answer)
- C.Requirement gathering
- D.Maintenance
Why: Testing follows coding so that the freshly written program is checked for bugs before it is released. Deployment comes after testing, and maintenance after deployment.
6
In software engineering, what is a framework?
- A.A finished application that users can buy and install
- B.A set of rules that forbids code reuse
- C.A standardized, reusable set of concepts, practices and tools that gives developers a structured foundation (correct answer)
- D.A hardware device that speeds up compilation
Why: A framework supplies predefined components and architectures so that developers build on proven structure instead of starting from nothing, which promotes consistency and reuse. It is not a product, a restriction on reuse, or a device.
7
What is the main advantage of using a framework such as Django to build a web application?
- A.It provides ready-made features such as user login and page templates, so common solutions are reused instead of rewritten (correct answer)
- B.It makes the application run without writing any code at all
- C.It removes the need for a database
- D.It replaces the testing phase of development
Why: Frameworks ship with predefined components, so features such as authentication and templates come ready to use. The application still needs its own code, a database and testing.
8
Which is the first phase of the Software Development Life Cycle?
- A.Design
- B.Coding
- C.Testing
- D.Requirement gathering (correct answer)
Why: Requirement gathering comes first because the team must know what the software has to achieve before it can be designed or built. Design, coding and testing all depend on those requirements.
9
What is the goal of the requirement gathering phase?
- A.To write the first version of the source code
- B.To understand and collect what the software needs to achieve by consulting users and stakeholders (correct answer)
- C.To fix bugs reported by customers
- D.To choose the programming language for the project
Why: This phase collects needs and expectations from the people who will use the software and from other stakeholders. Writing code comes later, in the coding phase.
10
A developer spends a day watching staff use the current system in order to spot problems and improvement opportunities. Which requirement gathering activity is this?
- A.Interview
- B.Survey
- C.Observation (correct answer)
- D.Document review
Why: Observation means watching how users interact with existing systems to find problems. Interviews and surveys ask questions instead, and document review studies existing reports and manuals.
11
Which requirement gathering activity involves studying existing reports and user manuals to gather additional information?
- A.Document review (correct answer)
- B.Interviews
- C.Observations
- D.Prototyping
Why: Document review mines material that already exists, such as reports and user manuals. Interviews and observations collect new information directly from people.
12
Requirements that describe the specific behaviours, tasks and services a system must perform are called:
- A.Constraints on how the system must perform
- B.The quality attributes of a system
- C.The performance criteria of a system
- D.Functional requirements (correct answer)
Why: Functional requirements state what the system does, including the interactions between the system and its users or other systems. The other options describe non-functional requirements.
13
Which type of requirement describes the quality attributes, performance criteria and constraints of a system?
- A.The tasks and services the system must carry out
- B.Non-functional requirements (correct answer)
- C.The list of users permitted to register
- D.The programming language the system will be written in
Why: Non-functional requirements say how the system performs rather than what it does, covering qualities such as speed, reliability and security. Functional requirements describe the behaviour itself.
14
For a library management system, the statement 'the system should handle up to 1000 simultaneous users without performance degradation' is an example of:
- A.A functional requirement
- B.A user interface requirement
- C.A non-functional requirement (correct answer)
- D.A deployment step
Why: The statement places a performance constraint on the system rather than describing a function, so it is a non-functional requirement. A functional requirement would describe something the system does, such as borrowing a book.
15
Which of the following is a functional requirement for a library management system?
- A.Librarians should be able to add, update and remove books from the inventory (correct answer)
- B.The system should be available 99.9 percent of the time
- C.User data should be encrypted
- D.The system should handle 1000 simultaneous users
Why: Adding, updating and removing books is a service the system must perform, so it is functional. The other options are non-functional requirements covering availability, security and performance.
16
'User data should be encrypted and access should be controlled through secure authentication' is which kind of requirement?
- A.A functional requirement
- B.A design requirement
- C.A user requirement
- D.A non-functional requirement (correct answer)
Why: Encryption and authentication are security constraints on how the system operates, which makes this a non-functional requirement. Functional requirements describe the tasks the system carries out.
17
Which statement best captures the difference between the Waterfall model and Agile methodology?
- A.Waterfall is used for hardware and Agile is used for software
- B.Waterfall completes each phase in order, while Agile develops in short iterations and adapts to change (correct answer)
- C.Waterfall delivers working software more frequently than Agile does
- D.Agile has no testing phase while Waterfall does
Why: The essential difference is single-pass sequential development versus repeated short cycles that absorb change. Both models include testing, and both are used for software.
18
Deciding the overall structure of the software and how its different components will interact is called:
- A.Specifying the requirements
- B.Unit testing the code
- C.Planning the architecture (correct answer)
- D.Estimating the project cost
Why: Architecture planning fixes the overall structure and the relationships between components so the program stays organised and runs smoothly. Deciding this before coding is like drawing the blueprints of a house before building it.
19
Designing software is often compared to drawing blueprints for a house because:
- A.Both set out the structure and layout before any construction begins (correct answer)
- B.Both must be completed after the building or the program is finished
- C.Neither is needed if the builder or the programmer is experienced
- D.Both describe only the cost of the finished product
Why: The design phase produces diagrams and mockups that show what the software will look like and how its parts fit together, just as blueprints show where rooms and furniture will go before building starts. Coding follows the design, not the other way round.
20
What happens during the coding phase of the SDLC?
- A.Users sign off on the finished product
- B.The team gathers requirements from stakeholders
- C.The software is installed on the customer's servers
- D.Programmers translate the design specifications into a programming language (correct answer)
Why: Coding turns the agreed design into source code. Gathering requirements happens before it, while user sign-off and installation happen later, in acceptance testing and deployment.

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