Online Research and Digital Literacy

Computer Science · 11th Class (Intermediate Part 1) · BISE Lahore

70 questions

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20 questions · Introduction to Software Development × 3, Python Programming × 3, Algorithms and Problem Solving × 2, Computational Structures × 2, Data Analytics × 3, Emerging Technologies × 2, Legal and Ethical Aspects of Computing System × 2, Online Research and Digital Literacy × 1, Entrepreneurship in Digital Age × 2

Online Research and Digital Literacy Test

10 questions · Online Research and Digital Literacy × 10

Sample questions

Showing 20 of 70 questions from this chapter. The full bank is in the chapter test below.

1
Which of the following best defines digital literacy?
- A.The ability to use digital tools to find, understand, create and share information (correct answer)
- B.The ability to repair computer hardware and install operating systems
- C.The ability to memorise facts without using the internet
- D.The ability to type quickly without looking at the keyboard
Why: Digital literacy is the ability to use digital tools such as computers, smartphones and the internet to find, understand, create and share information. Hardware repair and typing speed are separate technical skills.
2
Which of these abilities is one of the key components of digital literacy?
- A.Writing poetry by hand
- B.Using digital tools effectively (correct answer)
- C.Understanding agricultural methods
- D.Practising public speaking
Why: The components of digital literacy cover operating technology, searching for information, evaluating sources, creating digital content and staying safe online. Poetry writing, farming methods and public speaking are not digital literacy skills.
3
Which Boolean operator is used to exclude a term from search results?
- A.AND
- B.OR
- C.NOT (correct answer)
- D.NEITHER
Why: NOT removes pages that contain the word following it, so a query like 'solar NOT panel' skips pages about solar panels. AND narrows a search by requiring every term and OR widens it by accepting any term.
4
A student searches for 'renewable energy AND Pakistan'. What effect does the AND operator have on the results?
- A.It returns pages that contain either of the two terms
- B.It removes pages that mention Pakistan
- C.It ranks the most recently published pages first
- D.It returns only pages that contain both terms (correct answer)
Why: AND is a narrowing operator: every result must contain both 'renewable energy' and 'Pakistan', so pages with only one of the terms are left out. Returning either term is the behaviour of OR.
5
Which Boolean operator should be used to find pages that mention either 'laptop' or 'notebook computer'?
- A.AND
- B.NOT
- C.OR (correct answer)
- D.NEITHER
Why: OR combines alternative terms so that a page matching any one of them is returned, which widens the search. AND would require both words to appear and NOT would exclude one of them.
6
Which skill is essential when evaluating an online source?
- A.Checking whether the content comes from a trusted entity (correct answer)
- B.Guessing how credible the source looks
- C.Memorising the name of the content creator
- D.Reading the same content several times
Why: Evaluating a source means checking who created the content and whether the publisher is trustworthy. Re-reading a page or guessing at its credibility does not establish reliability.
7
Why is it important to be specific when formulating a research question?
- A.It ensures the question covers as many topics as possible
- B.It makes the research broader and more general
- C.It allows more information to be packed into the question
- D.It clearly defines what you want to find and avoids vagueness (correct answer)
Why: A focused research question states exactly what is being investigated, which keeps the search and the analysis on target. An over-broad or vague question spreads the research too thin to answer.
8
What does it mean when an academic article is described as peer-reviewed?
- A.It was edited by a single expert
- B.Other experts in the field checked it before it was published (correct answer)
- C.It was published in a popular magazine
- D.It is freely available to everyone online
Why: Peer review means specialists in the same field examine an article's methods and claims before it is published, which is what makes journal articles trustworthy. Editing by one person or free availability does not make an article peer-reviewed.
9
What is the key purpose of an online library?
- A.Providing entertainment for its members
- B.Promoting social media interaction
- C.Selling digital books and materials
- D.Offering a variety of academic resources (correct answer)
Why: Online libraries and research databases exist to give users access to scholarly material such as journals, papers and books. They are not entertainment portals, social networks or shops.
10
Which of the following shows that a researcher is following research ethics?
- A.Collecting data without regard for participants' privacy
- B.Publishing only results that support the hypothesis
- C.Avoiding plagiarism and giving proper credit to sources (correct answer)
- D.Skipping consent when the research topic is important
Why: Ethical research requires honesty about sources, so other people's work must be credited and never presented as one's own. Ignoring privacy, hiding unfavourable results and dropping consent all violate research ethics.
11
Which principle of research ethics is focused on honesty in reporting findings?
- A.Confidentiality
- B.Integrity (correct answer)
- C.Informed consent
- D.Respect for participants
Why: Integrity requires researchers to be honest and transparent, so they must not falsify data, plagiarise or misrepresent results. Confidentiality protects participants' information, and informed consent is about obtaining permission to take part.
12
Which of the following falls outside the category of intellectual property?
- A.Physical properties (correct answer)
- B.Patents
- C.Trademarks
- D.Copyrights
Why: Intellectual property protects creations of the mind such as inventions, brand names and creative works. Physical properties are matter and materials, which are not creations protected by intellectual property law.
13
How can a company best protect a trade secret?
- A.Register it with the Intellectual Property Organization
- B.Keep the information confidential and use legal agreements (correct answer)
- C.Apply for a trademark on it
- D.Publish it in a research journal
Why: Trade secrets are protected by secrecy, so companies rely on confidentiality agreements and restricted access rather than registration or publication. Publishing the information would destroy the secret.
14
A patent prevents other people from doing which of the following without the inventor's permission?
- A.Reading about the invention in a journal
- B.Studying the science behind the invention
- C.Applying for a different patent of their own
- D.Making, using or selling the invention (correct answer)
Why: A patent gives the inventor an exclusive right over the invention, so others may not make, use or sell it without permission. It does not stop people from reading about or studying the technology.
15
What is the main purpose of a trademark?
- A.To distinguish the goods or services of one company from those of others (correct answer)
- B.To keep an invention secret from competitors
- C.To protect the text of a published book
- D.To reward authors with royalties for their novels
Why: A trademark is a sign, logo or name that identifies the source of a product and builds brand recognition for consumers. Secrecy belongs to trade secrets, while novels and other creative works are covered by copyright.
16
What rights does copyright give the creator of a work?
- A.The right to stop other people from ever reading the work
- B.The right to prevent any similar product of any kind being made
- C.The exclusive right to use, distribute and license the work and to prevent copying (correct answer)
- D.The right to keep the work secret for an unlimited time
Why: Copyright gives the creator control over the use, distribution and licensing of the work, and the power to stop unauthorised copying. It does not bar people from reading the work and does not depend on keeping it secret.
17
A designer creates a distinctive shape for a mineral water bottle. Which type of intellectual property protects that shape?
- A.Industrial design (correct answer)
- B.Patent
- C.Copyright
- D.Trade secret
Why: Industrial design rights protect the visual appearance of a product, including its shape and configuration. A patent covers how something works, copyright covers literary and artistic works, and a trade secret relies on confidentiality.
18
What makes a trade secret different from a patent?
- A.A trade secret lasts for only twenty years
- B.A trade secret must be registered with a government office
- C.A trade secret is not disclosed to the public (correct answer)
- D.A trade secret may be used by anyone without permission
Why: Trade secrets are kept confidential and protected through agreements, whereas a patent is published so that the public learns how the invention works. Fixed terms and official registration belong to patents, not trade secrets.
19
What is the role of the Intellectual Property Organization of Pakistan?
- A.Publishing academic journals for universities
- B.Registering and protecting intellectual property rights in the country (correct answer)
- C.Running public libraries across Pakistan
- D.Issuing licences to internet service providers
Why: The Intellectual Property Organization of Pakistan is the national body that registers and protects rights such as patents and trademarks. Journals, libraries and internet licensing are handled by other organisations.
20
A company wants to learn about market trends, customer behaviour and competitors before launching a new product. Which type of online research should it carry out?
- A.Fact-checking research
- B.Health research
- C.General information research
- D.Market research (correct answer)
Why: Market research is used by businesses and entrepreneurs to understand trends, customers and competition so that they can make informed decisions. Fact-checking verifies accuracy, health research covers medical topics and general information research gathers basic knowledge.

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